Jammu: Muncipal Solid Waste Management - Report

Salan Khalkho
Last Updated: 16 Nov, 2022

Jammu generates 400 Metric Ton of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Per day. The city is spread over an area of 3097 sq.km. with population density of 596 people per square kilometer. The waste segregation at the source stands at just about 13%. With 90.14% literacy rate, there is further scope for improvement.

Image depecting Jammu generates 400 Metric Ton of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Per day

Jammu, has a population of approximately 708612 (2021). The average waste generated per person per day in Jammu is 108 Gram. Jammu produces 146000 tonnes of MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) per annum. Jammu faces the problem of managing solid waste like any other city of India. Increased use of Color coded dustbins in Jammu households and workplace can lead to more efficient waste management with increased waste segrigation at source. Every household in Jammu should start to use Kitchen dustbins to keep dry and wet waste segrigated.

SNo.Table of Contents
1About Jammu City
2400 Metric Ton Soid Waste Generated Per Day in Jammu
313% Segregation of waste at the point of generation in Jammu
4Biomedical waste in Jammu
5Jammu's Landfill Sites Status
6Density, Population and the Waste Generated in Jammu City
7Population Demography of Jammu
8Literacy Rate, Income and Waste Generated in Jammu
9Management & Handling of MSW in Jammu
10The National Green Tribunal (NGT) and Jammu
11How to Register as a Hazardous Waste Recycler in Jammu?
12Address to Register as Hazardous Waste Recycler in Jammu
13How to Get an eWaste License for Jammu city?

About Jammu City

The city Jammu is witnessing rapid pace of increase in population, economic growth, urbanization and industrialization. All of this is leading to solid waste generation at an accelerated rate in Jammu. The waste generated in Jammu region includes all kinds of waste such as biodegradable, non-biodegradable, construction, metal, plastic and other kinds of waste.

Demographic LabelValue
Total Geographical Area3097 sq.km
Population (2011 Census)502,197
Literacy Rate90.14
Population Density596 per sq.km
Sex Ratio908 females on every 1000 males

400 Metric Ton Soid Waste Generated Per Day in Jammu

Jammu, a city belonging to the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir is spread over an area of 3097 sq.km. The population of Jammu was 708612 in 2021, compared with 502,197 in 2011. Population growth is a major contributor to increasing Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Jammu. Improper management of solid waste in Jammu poses risks to the environment and public health. Solid waste management (SWM) has emerged as one of the biggest challenges for Jammu. Studies show that the unsafe disposal of waste generates dangerous gases and leachates. Therefore it is imperative that the 400 Metric Ton of waste generated Per day in Jammu should be properly disposed in accordance with the 'Solid Waste Management Rules 2016'.

13% Segregation of waste at the point of generation in Jammu

The main component of waste management is segregation of dry and wet waste. Waste segrigation plays key role in ensuring proper recovery, reuse and recycling of collected waste. In Jammu, Waste segregation at the source is happening with just about 13% of the waste generated. Active participation of people from Jammu region is key to the success of waste segrigation at source. Even though people are supposed to sort the waste, about 87% household from Jammu don't segrigate the waste into dry and wet waste. Wet waste includes that of food leftovers, fruit and vegetable skin and other kinds of waste generated in the kitchen. Dry waste constitutes plastic, paper, glass and other items which do not decompose.

Biomedical waste in Jammu

Most Jammu hospitals have Color coded dustbins. However, their effective and planned use still remains a huge challange. Segregation of trash in Jammu is important because mixing general municipal garbage with biomedical waste leads to added burden on the incinerators designed to handle biohazardous waste alone. Segregation of Biomedical Waste with the help of Bio Medical Waste Bin and Biomedical Sharp Container should be done. Disposable Sharps Containers for disposing biohazard waste is another better and safe solution for Hospitals in Jammu. The liquid waste generated in hospitals, clinics and health care centers in Jammu is disposed of in sewers. Medical liquid waste generated in Jammu is highly infectious and pose serious health hazard to the lives of humans.

Jammu's Landfill Sites Status

Growing popuation of Jammu, means existing landfills won't be sufficient. If we talk about, entire Jammu and Kashmir, about 376 Metric Tons of Solid Waste is sent to landfill sites everyday. In fact, Jammu and Kashmir generates 1463.23 Metric Tons of Waste everyday. Of this, only about 1437.28 Metric Tons of Waste is collected and just 547.5 Metric Ton Per Day is treated. Ironicaly the waste collected is dumped together at the landfills. These are largely un-regulated and are hazardous to surrounding areas of Jammu's Landfills Sites.

Density, Population and the Waste Generated in Jammu City

The population density of Jammu is 596 people per square kilometer (2011 Census). In context to the waste generation, it is important to know the density of any city because there is a direct link between the population density and the waste generated per day. The density of population is the ratio between the numbers of people to the size of land. It is usually measured in persons per sq.km. For example, the area of Jammu Region is 3097 sq km and the population is 502,197 persons (2011 Census). The density of population is calculated by dividing 502,197 (Jammu popuation) by 3097 sq km.

According to an estimate, it is found that household size is directly proportional to waste generation. As the household size increases, the waste generation will also increase. In other words, bigger the household size Jammu city, the more waste will be generated in Jammu.

Population Demography of Jammu

Sex ratio of Jammu depicts 908 females per 1000 males. The popuation of Jammu in 2011 was 502,197, in 2020 was 702085, in 2021 was 708612, . Public attitude of Jammu residents needs to be changed in proper waste handling and segregation. This will save the people of Jammu city from several environmental and health related problems. With the growth in population, there will be growth in the generated waste aso. Jammu city will have to bear the burden of handling additional waste in the days to come as the population grows.

Literacy Rate, Income and Waste Generated in Jammu

Literacy Rate of Jammu is 90.14%. A study conducted by the Population Foundation of India has found out that each year of education in India increases a person's average income by 6.7%. Income and waste generation are directly proportional to each other. As the income level increases, waste generation also increases. Increased literacy rate of Jammu denotes increase in income level. However, it is observed that while segrigating the waste generation to biodegradable waste generation and plastic waste generation, High Income Grade is less in biodegradable waste generation than Low Income Grade. This explains the use and throw culture of High Income Grade population of Jammu. Aso note that the per capita waste generation differs according to income, land use etc.

Management & Handling of MSW in Jammu

The Jammu Municipal Corporation is responsible for collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of Municipal Solid Waste generated.



The National Green Tribunal (NGT) and Jammu

The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has directed Jammu and Kashmir government to pay Rs35Cr as fine according to the reports pubished on 17-Oct-22. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has directed the J&K administration to pay a compensation of Rs 35 crore for discharge of untreated sewage into Doodh Ganga and Mamath Kull streams.

How to Register as a Hazardous Waste Recycler in Jammu?

Companies or businesses can register themselves as Hazardous Waste Recyclers in Gorakhpur by personally visiting and applying at the Regional office of the Pollution Control Board of Gorakhpur, that is the Jammu and Kashmir Pollution Control board. They can also apply online by visiting the website of the Regional Office of the Jammu and Kashmir Pollution Control board. From there you will need to collect and fill the application form and submit it along with essential information and details in accordance with the need to recycle Hazardous and other wastes. Part D of the form should be filled carefully and should be attested by the applicant’s signature before submitting. Also make sure all the documents are attached that are listed in “Required Documents” section of the form. The form has to be submitted to the District Environmental Engineer of Jammu city for scrutiny and check. After this concerned engineer will inspect and examine the site.

Address to Register as Hazardous Waste Recycler in Jammu

J&K Pollution Control Board,
Parivesh Bhawan,
Forest Complex, Gladni, Narwal,
Transport Nagar, Jammu (J&K) KASHMIR

J&K Pollution Control Board,
Parivesh Bhawan,
Shiekh-ul-Campus, behind Govt. Silk Factory,
Raj Bagh, Srinagar(J&K)
Website: http://jkspcb.nic.in/index.aspx

How to Get an eWaste License for Jammu city

eWaste License can be obtained from the Regional office of the Pollution Control Board of Gorakhpur. Obtaining eWaste License has become mandatory for every manufacturer, producer, consumer, bulk consumer, collection centers, dealers, e-retailer, refurbisher, dismantler and recycler. The E-Waste rules apply to you if you manufacture, sale, transfer, purchase, collect, store or process e-waste or electrical and electronic equipment listed in Schedule.



Disclaimer:
Facts and figures presented in this article are aggregated from various places and their authenticity is not checked or verified. We strongly disclaim any authenticity or correctness of the information available in this artice. The information presented in this article is not intended for any kind of administrative work, decision making purpose, academic purpose or to arrive at any conclusion. You are hereby advised to do your own due diligence and check the correctness of any information presented here.

References:
https://www.census2011.co.in
https://uidai.gov.in/images/state-wise-aadhaar-saturation.pdf
https://cpcb.nic.in/uploads/MSW/MSW_AnnualReport_2020-21.pdf
https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/j-k/ngt-fines-jk-35-cr-over-sewage-discharge-441938#:~:text=The%20National%20Green%20Tribunal%20(NGT,Ganga%20and%20Mamath%20Kull%20streams.


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